1.少於, 不及, 未達到still two years shortof graduation 離畢業還有兩年He was still some way shortof the bridge. 他離大橋還有一段路要走。
2.缺少, 不足We did not buy anything because we were shortof money. 我們沒有買任何東西, 因為我們缺少錢。
3.除...外Shortof calling a meeting, they don't know how they can get their plan approved. 除非召開會議, 否則他們真不知道他們的計劃怎麼才能獲准。Shortof a miracle, we're certain to lose now. 除非出現奇跡, 不然我們現在是輸定了。